Shiraz is harvested off low yielding vines planted to shallow, sandy loam over deep red clays. A component of Viognier is picked and set aside for co vinification. Petit Verdot is a late ripener and remains on the vine slightly longer. All batches are given a warm vinification in open top fermenters while being treated to a course of manual pumpovers twice daily. After a week or two on skins, ferments are traditionally pressed and transferred to a selection of new and seasoned French and American and Hungarian oak hogsheads. After thirteen months maturation, a small portion of Petit Verdot and Viognier are assembled into the final wine for added complexity before bottling without fining or filtration.